Any dead cell with exactly three live neighbours becomes a live cell, as if by reproduction.Ĭonway’s Game of Life uses a Moore neighbourhood, which is composed of the current cell and the eight cells that surround it, so those are the ones we’ll be looking at in this example.Any live cell with more than three live neighbours dies, as if by overpopulation.Any live cell with two or three live neighbours lives on to the next generation.Any live cell with fewer than two live neighbours dies as if caused by underpopulation.We generate the next generation of cells according to only four rules: In its initial state there are cells which are either alive or dead. The state of a cell together with its neighbourhood determine the state in the next generationĪs already mentioned, the Game of Life is based on a 2D grid. The states of cells in its neighbourhood.A new generation is created, according to some fixed rule that determines the new state of each cell in terms of:.An initial (global) state is selected by assigning a state for each cell.The basic working principle of a cellular automaton usually involves the following steps: Each cell has a neighbourhood, a list of adjacent cells.Our example only has two possibilities: 0 or 1 / dead or alive Cells live on a grid which can be 1D or higher-dimensional (in our Game of Life it’s a 2D grid of pixels).A cellular automaton has the following characteristics: A cellular automaton is a model of a system that consists of automata, called cells, that are interlinked via some simple logic which allows modelling complex behaviour. This relates to automata theory in theoretical computer science, but really it’s just about creating some simple rules. Cellular AutomataĬonway’s game of life is what’s called a cellular automaton and it makes sense to consider a more abstract view of what that means. This is going to require some advanced rendering techniques, so some basic familiarity with Three.js and GLSL would be helpful in order to follow along. Writing WebGL on its own can be very painful so it’s going to be implemented using Three.js, a WebGL graphics library. So this article will go over implementing the Game of Life in WebGL which allows GPU-accelerated computations (= way more complex and detailed images). There are many examples and tutorials on the web that go over implementing it, like this one by Daniel Shiffman.īut in many of these examples this computation runs on the CPU, limiting the possible complexity and amount of cells in the system. Often called just ‘Life’, it’s probably one of the most popular and well known examples of cellular automata. This is the core idea behind the Game of Life, a cellular automaton devised by British mathematician John Horton Conway in 1970. Simple rules can produce structured, complex systems. Deploy static sites, SPAs, and PHP Apps on Git Push with Deploy Now.
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